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King Arthur recap

By Andrew Lang

Every recap below is hidden until you open it. Each one is safe to read once you have finished the chapter it names.

In short (whole book)

Young Arthur proves his royal birth by drawing a sword from a stone and, guided by Merlin, establishes his rule. He receives Excalibur, marries Guenevere, and gathers the Round Table. The knights' adventures include Balin's cursed tragedy, Morgan le Fay's plots, Gareth's rise from kitchen servant to champion, and the quest for the Holy Grail, achieved fully only by Galahad. The fellowship's worldly glory hides its fatal weakness: Lancelot and Guenevere love one another. Elaine of Astolat dies after Lancelot cannot return her love, and Mordred helps expose the queen's relationship with him. Lancelot rescues Guenevere from execution, killing Gawain's brothers and dividing the knights. Arthur leaves Britain to fight Lancelot; Mordred usurps the throne. Arthur returns and kills Mordred but is mortally wounded. Excalibur is cast back into the lake and Arthur is borne toward Avalon. Guenevere becomes a nun, Lancelot a monk, and both die after the Round Table has passed away.

Story so far - through chapter 2 (this book)

Britain lacks an accepted king after Uther's death. Merlin has placed Uther's son Arthur in the household of Sir Ector, where the boy grows up believing he is Ector's natural son and Kay's younger foster brother. At a gathering called to resolve the succession, a sword appears fixed in a stone with a declaration that whoever draws it is the rightful king. The leading nobles fail. When Kay needs a sword, Arthur casually pulls out the mysterious weapon and brings it to him. Repeated public tests confirm that only Arthur can remove it. Ector reveals that Arthur is not his son, and after resistance from proud barons, Arthur is crowned. Still young and inexperienced, he meets King Pellinore, who is pursuing the strange Questing Beast. Arthur challenges him and is defeated; Merlin intervenes to save the king and warns him about the consequences his choices will have.

Story so far - through chapter 4 (this book)

After Arthur's first sword is broken in combat, Merlin leads him to a lake where a mysterious lady offers him Excalibur in exchange for a future service. The sword gives Arthur a great weapon, while its scabbard protects its bearer from loss of blood. At court, Balin alone succeeds in drawing an enchanted sword from a maiden's scabbard. He refuses to return it and soon kills the Lady of the Lake over an old grievance, bringing Arthur's anger and a curse upon himself. Balin's violent adventures culminate in the Dolorous Stroke, a blow that devastates a land. Later, forced to fight an unknown knight while both carry concealed shields, Balin discovers too late that his opponent is his brother Balan. Each has mortally wounded the other. Their deaths complete the warning attached to Balin's sword and leave behind a tragedy that later knights will remember.

Story so far - through chapter 6 (this book)

Arthur chooses Guenevere, daughter of King Leodegrance, as his queen. Her father sends the great Round Table with her, and Arthur gathers a fellowship of knights pledged to honorable conduct, loyal service, and the defense of those who seek aid. Among them are Lancelot, Gawain, Pellinore, and other champions whose adventures give the court its renown. Merlin, meanwhile, becomes devoted to Nimue, the Lady of the Lake. Although he foresees that his attachment will end his freedom, he follows her and teaches her much of his magic. Troubled by him and armed with what she has learned, Nimue uses an enchantment to imprison Merlin permanently beneath a stone. Arthur loses the counsellor who made his reign possible, and the Round Table must continue without Merlin's direct guidance.

Story so far - through chapter 8 (this book)

Morgan le Fay, Arthur's half-sister, makes repeated attempts to destroy him. She sends a deadly enchanted mantle whose danger Arthur avoids, steals Excalibur and its protective scabbard, and gives the sword to Accolon so that he can unknowingly fight Arthur with it. Arthur survives the duel, recovers Excalibur, and learns the source of the plot, but Morgan escapes after throwing the scabbard away where it cannot be recovered. Later a nameless young man comes to court and asks to be fed for a year. Kay calls him Beaumains and places him in the kitchens. When Lynette arrives seeking a champion to rescue her sister, Beaumains claims the adventure. Lynette mocks his apparent low birth, but he defeats a succession of increasingly dangerous knights and frees the besieged lady. He is revealed as Gareth, Gawain's brother, and earns his place at the Round Table by achievement rather than announced rank.

Story so far - through chapter 10 (this book)

Galahad arrives at Camelot and safely takes the perilous seat long kept empty for the knight destined to achieve the Holy Grail. A vision of the sacred vessel inspires the Round Table to undertake a quest that scatters the fellowship. Earthly prowess is not enough: many knights fail because of pride, violence, or divided loyalties. Lancelot is granted only a limited vision, while Galahad, Percival, and Bors reach the quest's conclusion; Galahad's perfect fulfillment ends with his death and passage from the world. The knights who return find the fellowship diminished. Later, a knight dies after eating a poisoned apple at a meal given by Guenevere, and the queen is accused of murder. Lancelot returns to champion her against Sir Mador, defeating him in the formal combat. Nimue then identifies the true culprit, clearing Guenevere and saving her from condemnation.

Story so far - through chapter 13 (this book)

Elaine of Astolat shelters Lancelot before a tournament and persuades him to wear her token while he competes in disguise. She nurses him after he is wounded and falls in love, but he cannot offer marriage or return her feeling. Elaine dies, and a boat carries her body and explanatory letter to Camelot, making her sorrow public. The concealed love between Lancelot and Guenevere is then exposed by Mordred and other hostile knights. Lancelot rescues Guenevere from execution, killing Gareth and Gaheris during the violent escape. Gawain demands vengeance, and Arthur follows Lancelot to war in France. Mordred uses the king's absence to seize Britain and claim Guenevere. Arthur returns; Gawain dies regretting the feud, and the final battle destroys both armies. Arthur kills Mordred but is mortally wounded. Bedivere returns Excalibur to the lake, and Arthur is carried toward Avalon. Guenevere enters a convent, while Lancelot returns too late, becomes a monk, and dies after the fellowship and its age have ended.

How does it end? (ending)

The exposure of Lancelot and Guenevere breaks the Round Table into hostile loyalties. Lancelot rescues the queen from execution, killing knights including Gareth and Gaheris in the struggle, and Gawain's demand for vengeance drives Arthur into war against Lancelot in France. While Arthur is away, Mordred seizes the kingdom and claims the queen. Arthur returns to fight him. Gawain dies after acknowledging that his feud helped cause the ruin and urges Arthur to seek Lancelot's aid. In the last battle nearly all the remaining knights are killed; Arthur kills Mordred but receives a mortal wound. Bedivere returns Excalibur to the lake, and Arthur is carried away toward Avalon. Guenevere withdraws to a convent and dies there. Lancelot returns too late, renounces warfare, and enters a religious life with surviving companions. After learning of Guenevere's death, he also dies. The fellowship ends, leaving Arthur's reign as a lost ideal rather than a continuing kingdom.

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